BiomedicalPublications

What immunology and microbiology is citing right now

The 40 most-cited open-access immunology and microbiology papers published since 2023. Every one is free to read, and each links to the journal that published it — so you can see what that venue costs to publish in while you are there.

Ranked by citations recorded in OpenAlex. The leading paper here has 3,381. Citation counts favour older papers, so treat this as what the field is building on, not what is newest.

Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050

Mohsen Naghavi, Stein Emil Vollset, Kevin S Ikuta, Lucien R Swetschinski and 96 more · 2024

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an important global health challenge in the 21st century. A previous study has quantified the global and regional burden of AMR for 2019, followed with additional publications that provided more detailed estimates for several WHO regions by country. To date, there have been no studies that produce comprehensive estimates of AMR burden across locations that encompass historical trends and future forecasts. METHODS: We estimated all-age and age-specific deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to and associated with bacterial…

The Lancet3,381 citationsDOI

Macrophages in immunoregulation and therapeutics

Shanze Chen, Abdullah F. U. H. Saeed, Quan Liu, Qiong Jiang and 4 more · 2023

Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens and cancers. Macrophages possess binary M1/M2 macrophage polarization settings, which perform a central role in an array of immune tasks via intrinsic signal cascades and, therefore, must be precisely regulated. Many crucial questions about macrophage signaling and immune modulation are yet to be uncovered. In addition, the clinical importance of tumor-associated macrophages is becoming more widely recognized as signif…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2,155 citationsDOI

Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health

Md. Abdus Salam, Md. Yusuf Al-Amin, Moushumi Tabassoom Salam, Jogendra Singh Pawar and 3 more · 2023

Antibiotics are among the most important discoveries of the 20th century, having saved millions of lives from infectious diseases. Microbes have developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due to high selection pressure from increasing use and misuse of antibiotics over the years. The transmission and acquisition of AMR occur primarily via a human-human interface both within and outside of healthcare facilities. A huge number of interdependent factors related to healthcare and agriculture govern the development of AMR through various drug-resistance mechanisms. The emergenc…

Healthcare1,894 citationsDOI

Knowledge of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Ogun State

A. Bolatito Oluwabiyi, O. Hannah Akanbi, Oluwaseun Ipede · 2024

A study was conducted at General Hospital Ijebu Igbo antenatal section to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women. A questionnaire was administered to 42 pregnant women who attended the antenatal section of the clinic during the study period. Out of these 42 pregnant women, 18 (42.9%) provided both fecal and blood samples for parasitological and hematological analysis. 50% of the respondents fall within 16-25years age group, while those within 36-45years have the lowest percentage (22.2%). 50% have the knowledge of the helminth infection, out o…

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT)1,545 citationsDOI

Personalized RNA neoantigen vaccines stimulate T cells in pancreatic cancer

Luis A. Rojas, Zachary Sethna, Kevin C. Soares, Cristina Olcese and 47 more · 2023

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal in 88% of patients 1 , yet harbours mutation-derived T cell neoantigens that are suitable for vaccines 2,3 . Here in a phase I trial of adjuvant autogene cevumeran, an individualized neoantigen vaccine based on uridine mRNA–lipoplex nanoparticles, we synthesized mRNA neoantigen vaccines in real time from surgically resected PDAC tumours. After surgery, we sequentially administered atezolizumab (an anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy), autogene cevumeran (a maximum of 20 neoantigens per patient) and a modified version of a four-drug chemotherapy r…

Nature1,343 citationsDOI

Antimicrobial resistance: Impacts, challenges, and future prospects

Sirwan Khalid Ahmed, Safin Hussein, Karzan Qurbani, Radhwan Hussein Ibrahim and 3 more · 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health issue driven by antibiotic misuse and overuse in various sectors, leading to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. The history of AMR dates back to the discovery of penicillin, with the rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. The misuse of antibiotics in human and animal health, as well as in agriculture, contributes to the spread of resistance genes, creating a "Silent Pandemic" that could surpass other causes of mortality by 2050. AMR affects both humans and animals, w…

Journal of Medicine Surgery and Public Health1,142 citationsDOI

cGAS–STING drives ageing-related inflammation and neurodegeneration

Muhammet F. Gülen, Natasha Samson, Alexander Keller, Marius Schwabenland and 9 more · 2023

Abstract Low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of old age and a central driver of ageing-associated impairment and disease 1 . Multiple factors can contribute to ageing-associated inflammation 2 ; however, the molecular pathways that transduce aberrant inflammatory signalling and their impact in natural ageing remain unclear. Here we show that the cGAS–STING signalling pathway, which mediates immune sensing of DNA 3 , is a critical driver of chronic inflammation and functional decline during ageing. Blockade of STING suppresses the inflammatory phenotypes of senescent human cells and tissues, a…

Nature1,005 citationsDOI

T cells in health and disease

Lina Sun, Yanhong Su, Anjun Jiao, Xin Wang and 1 more · 2023

Abstract T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Upon antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic effector and memory cells, mediating direct killing, diverse immune regulatory function, and long-term protection. In response to acute and chronic infections and tumors, T cells adopt distinct differentiation trajectories and develop into a range of heterogeneous populations with various phenotype, differ…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy975 citationsDOI

Neoantigens: promising targets for cancer therapy

Na Xie, Guobo Shen, Wei Gao, Zhao Huang and 2 more · 2023

Recent advances in neoantigen research have accelerated the development and regulatory approval of tumor immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy and antibody-based therapies, especially for solid tumors. Neoantigens are newly formed antigens generated by tumor cells as a result of various tumor-specific alterations, such as genomic mutation, dysregulated RNA splicing, disordered post-translational modification, and integrated viral open reading frames. Neoantigens are recognized as non-self and trigger an immune response that is not subject to central and peripheral t…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy973 citationsDOI

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Ka Wah Kelly Tang, B. Cherie Millar, John E. Moore · 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has now emerged as a chronic public health problem globally, with the forecast of 10 million deaths per year globally by 2050. AMR occurs when viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites do not respond to antimicrobial treatments in humans and animals, thus allowing the survival of the microorganism within the host. The prominent cause contributing to the current crisis remains to be the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials, particularly the inappropriate usage of antibiotics, increasing the global burden of antimicrobial resistance. The global consumption and usage o…

British Journal of Biomedical Science965 citationsDOI

Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms

Tingmei Zhao, Yulong Cai, Yujie Jiang, Xuemei He and 3 more · 2023

Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the mechanisms by which the innate immune response controls the antigen-specific response, the adjuvants' action mechanisms are beginning to be elucidated. Adjuvants can be categorized as immunostimulants and delivery systems. Immunostimulants are danger signal molecules that lead to the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRR…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy897 citationsDOI

The WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List 2024: a prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance

Hatim Sati, Elena Carrara, Alessia Savoldi, Paul Hansen and 37 more · 2025

BACKGROUND: The 2017 WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (BPPL) has been instrumental in guiding global policy, research and development, and investments to address the most urgent threats from antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and it is a key public health tool for the prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Since its release, at least 13 new antibiotics targeting bacterial priority pathogens have been approved. The 2024 WHO BPPL aims to refine and build on the previous list by incorporating new data and evidence, addressing previous limitations, and improving pathogen prior…

The Lancet Infectious Diseases724 citationsDOI

Antimicrobial peptides for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections

Jiaqi Xuan, Weiguo Feng, Jiaye Wang, Ruichen Wang and 5 more · 2023

The problem of drug resistance due to long-term use of antibiotics has been a concern for years. As this problem grows worse, infections caused by multiple bacteria are expanding rapidly and are extremely detrimental to human health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a good alternative to current antimicrobials with potent antimicrobial activity and unique antimicrobial mechanisms, which have advantages over traditional antibiotics in fighting against drug-resistant bacterial infections. Currently, researchers have conducted clinical investigations on AMPs for drug-resistant bacterial infectio…

Drug Resistance Updates650 citationsDOI

Apoptotic stress causes mtDNA release during senescence and drives the SASP

Stella Victorelli, Hanna Salmonowicz, James Chapman, Hélène Martini and 35 more · 2023

Abstract Senescent cells drive age-related tissue dysfunction partially through the induction of a chronic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) 1 . Mitochondria are major regulators of the SASP; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated 2 . Mitochondria are often essential for apoptosis, a cell fate distinct from cellular senescence. During apoptosis, widespread mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) commits a cell to die 3 . Here we find that MOMP occurring in a subset of mitochondria is a feature of cellular senescence. This process, called minorit…

Nature648 citationsDOI

<i>CXCL9:SPP1</i> macrophage polarity identifies a network of cellular programs that control human cancers

Ruben Bill, Pratyaksha Wirapati, Marius Messemaker, Whijae Roh and 29 more · 2023

Tumor microenvironments (TMEs) influence cancer progression but are complex and often differ between patients. Considering that microenvironment variations may reveal rules governing intratumoral cellular programs and disease outcome, we focused on tumor-to-tumor variation to examine 52 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. We found that macrophage polarity—defined by CXCL9 and SPP1 (CS) expression but not by conventional M1 and M2 markers—had a noticeably strong prognostic association. CS macrophage polarity also identified a highly coordinated network of either pro- or antitumor variables,…

Science642 citationsDOI

Pathogenesis of autoimmune disease

David S. Pisetsky · 2023

Autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by aberrant B cell and T cell reactivity to normal constituents of the host. These diseases occur widely and affect individuals of all ages, especially women. Among these diseases, the most prominent immunological manifestation is the production of autoantibodies, which provide valuable biomarkers for diagnosis, classification and disease activity. Although T cells have a key role in pathogenesis, they are technically more difficult to assay. In general, autoimmune disease results from an interplay between a genetic predisposi…

Nature Reviews Nephrology629 citationsDOI

Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing

Annalisa Del Prete, Valentina Salvi, Alessandra Soriani, Mattia Laffranchi and 3 more · 2023

Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor cell-associated antigens to naïve T cells, DCs are instrumental in the generation of specific T-cell-mediated antitumor effector responses in the control of tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Within an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, DC antitumor functions can, however, be severely impaired. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of DC capture and activation by tumor cell antigens and the r…

Cellular and Molecular Immunology621 citationsDOI

Tissue-specific macrophages: how they develop and choreograph tissue biology

Elvira Mass, Falk Nimmerjahn, Katrin Kierdorf, Andreas Schlitzer · 2023

Macrophages are innate immune cells that form a 3D network in all our tissues, where they phagocytose dying cells and cell debris, immune complexes, bacteria and other waste products. Simultaneously, they produce growth factors and signalling molecules — such activities not only promote host protection in response to invading microorganisms but are also crucial for organ development and homeostasis. There is mounting evidence of macrophages orchestrating fundamental physiological processes, such as blood vessel formation, adipogenesis, metabolism and central and peripheral neuronal function. I…

Nature reviews. Immunology616 citationsDOI

M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps – myth or reality?

Zuzana Střížová, Iva Benešová, Robin Bartolini, René Novysedlák and 3 more · 2023

Macrophages represent heterogeneous cell population with important roles in defence mechanisms and in homoeostasis. Tissue macrophages from diverse anatomical locations adopt distinct activation states. M1 and M2 macrophages are two polarized forms of mononuclear phagocyte in vitro differentiation with distinct phenotypic patterns and functional properties, but in vivo, there is a wide range of different macrophage phenotypes in between depending on the microenvironment and natural signals they receive. In human infections, pathogens use different strategies to combat macrophages and these str…

Clinical Science566 citationsDOI

Therapeutic cancer vaccines: advancements, challenges and prospects

Ting Fan, Mingna Zhang, Jingxian Yang, Zhounan Zhu and 2 more · 2023

With the development and regulatory approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies, cancer immunotherapy has undergone a profound transformation over the past decades. Recently, therapeutic cancer vaccines have shown promise by eliciting de novo T cell responses targeting tumor antigens, including tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific antigens. The objective was to amplify and diversify the intrinsic repertoire of tumor-specific T cells. However, the complete realization of these capabilities remains an ongoing pursuit. Therefore, we provide an overview of the curr…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy559 citationsDOI

Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Innate Immune System

Ángela Saéz, Beatriz Herrero‐Fernández, Raquel Gómez-Bris, Hector Sánchez-Martinez and 1 more · 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation with no exact known cause. Intestinal innate immunity is enacted by neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), and innate lymphoid cells and NK cells, characterized by their capacity to produce a rapid and nonspecific reaction as a first-line response. Innate immune cells (IIC) defend against pathogens and excessive entry of intestinal microorganisms, while preserving immune tolerance to resident intestinal microbiota. C…

International Journal of Molecular Sciences556 citationsDOI

Targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages is a potential therapeutic approach to overcome antitumor drug resistance

Shujing Wang, Jingrui Wang, Zhiqiang Chen, Jiamin Luo and 3 more · 2024

Tumor drug resistance emerges from the interaction of two critical factors: tumor cellular heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute essential components of the TME. M2-like TAMs are essential in facilitating tumor metastasis as well as augmenting the drug resistance of tumors. This review encapsulates the mechanisms that M2-like TAMs use to promote tumor drug resistance. We also describe the emerging therapeutic strategies that are currently targeting M2-like TAMs in combination with other antitumor drugs…

npj Precision Oncology536 citationsDOI

Physiology and diseases of tissue-resident macrophages

Tomi Lazarov, Sergio Juarez-Carreño, Nehemiah Cox, Frédéric Geissmann · 2023

Embryo-derived tissue-resident macrophages are the first representatives of the haematopoietic lineage to emerge in metazoans. In mammals, resident macrophages originate from early yolk sac progenitors and are specified into tissue-specific subsets during organogenesis-establishing stable spatial and functional relationships with specialized tissue cells-and persist in adults. Resident macrophages are an integral part of tissues together with specialized cells: for instance, microglia reside with neurons in brain, osteoclasts reside with osteoblasts in bone, and fat-associated macrophages resi…

Nature519 citationsDOI

Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA release and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway

Jeonghan Kim, Ho‐Shik Kim, Jay H. Chung · 2023

In addition to constituting the genetic material of an organism, DNA is a tracer for the recognition of foreign pathogens and a trigger of the innate immune system. cGAS functions as a sensor of double-stranded DNA fragments and initiates an immune response via the adaptor protein STING. The cGAS-STING pathway not only defends cells against various DNA-containing pathogens but also modulates many pathological processes caused by the immune response to the ectopic localization of self-DNA, such as cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and extranuclear chromatin. In addition, macrophages can cause…

Experimental & Molecular Medicine491 citationsDOI

Metabolism, metabolites, and macrophages in cancer

Mengyuan Li, Yuhan Yang, Liting Xiong, Ping Jiang and 2 more · 2023

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial components of the tumour microenvironment and play a significant role in tumour development and drug resistance by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Macrophages are essential components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems and contribute to pathogen resistance and the regulation of organism homeostasis. Macrophage function and polarization are closely linked to altered metabolism. Generally, M1 macrophages rely primarily on aerobic glycolysis, whereas M2 macrophages depend on oxidative metabolism. Metabolic studies have r…

Journal of Hematology & Oncology488 citationsDOI

Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease

Han Wang, Susan J. Kim, Lei Yu, Shuhui Wang and 4 more · 2024

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), crucial in immune defense mechanisms, are renowned for their propensity to expel decondensed chromatin embedded with inflammatory proteins. Our comprehension of NETs in pathogen clearance, immune regulation and disease pathogenesis, has grown significantly in recent years. NETs are not only pivotal in the context of infections but also exhibit significant involvement in sterile inflammation. Evidence suggests that excessive accumulation of NETs can result in vessel occlusion, tissue damage, and prolonged inflammatory responses, thereby contributing to the…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy484 citationsDOI

Microbiota-derived 3-IAA influences chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer

Joseph Tintelnot, Yang Xu, Till Robin Lesker, Martin Schönlein and 27 more · 2023

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to be the second most deadly cancer by 2040, owing to the high incidence of metastatic disease and limited responses to treatment1,2. Less than half of all patients respond to the primary treatment for PDAC, chemotherapy3,4, and genetic alterations alone cannot explain this5. Diet is an environmental factor that can influence the response to therapies, but its role in PDAC is unclear. Here, using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic screening, we show that the microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (3…

Nature473 citationsDOI

Postexposure Doxycycline to Prevent Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections

Anne F. Luetkemeyer, Deborah Donnell, Julia C. Dombrowski, Stephanie E. Cohen and 13 more · 2023

BACKGROUND: Interventions to reduce sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) are needed. METHODS: (chlamydia), or syphilis in the past year. Participants were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to take 200 mg of doxycycline within 72 hours after condomless sex (doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis) or receive standard care without doxycycline. STI testing was performed quarterly. The primary end point was the incidence of at least one STI per follow-up quarter. RESULTS: Of 501 participants (327 in the PrEP cohort and 174 in the PLWH cohort), 67% were White, 7%…

New England Journal of Medicine460 citationsDOI

A pan-cancer single-cell panorama of human natural killer cells

Fei Tang, Jinhu Li, Lu Qi, Dongfang Liu and 12 more · 2023

dendritic cells, appear to mediate the regulation of NK cell anti-tumor immunity. Our study provides insights into NK-cell-based cancer immunity and highlights potential clinical utilities of NK cell subsets as therapeutic targets.…

Cell449 citationsDOI

The IL-17 family in diseases: from bench to bedside

Longjie Huangfu, Ruiying Li, Yamei Huang, Shan Wang · 2023

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family comprises six members (IL-17A-17F), and recently, all of its related receptors have been discovered. IL-17 was first discovered approximately 30 years ago. Members of this family have various biological functions, including driving an inflammatory cascade during infections and autoimmune diseases, as well as boosting protective immunity against various pathogens. IL-17 is a highly versatile proinflammatory cytokine necessary for vital processes including host immune defenses, tissue repair, inflammatory disease pathogenesis, and cancer progression. However, ho…

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy432 citationsDOI

Deconstruction of rheumatoid arthritis synovium defines inflammatory subtypes

Fan Zhang, A. Helena Jonsson, Aparna Nathan, Nghia Millard and 86 more · 2023

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis is a prototypical autoimmune disease that causes joint inflammation and destruction 1 . There is currently no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, and the effectiveness of treatments varies across patients, suggesting an undefined pathogenic diversity 1,2 . Here, to deconstruct the cell states and pathways that characterize this pathogenic heterogeneity, we profiled the full spectrum of cells in inflamed synovium from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We used multi-modal single-cell RNA-sequencing and surface protein data coupled with histology of synovial tissue from…

Nature430 citationsDOI

Macrophage polarization: an important role in inflammatory diseases

Min Luo, Fukun Zhao, Huan Cheng, Mu Su and 1 more · 2024

Macrophages are crucial cells in the human body’s innate immunity and are engaged in a variety of non-inflammatory reactions. Macrophages can develop into two kinds when stimulated by distinct internal environments: pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages. During inflammation, the two kinds of macrophages are activated alternatively, and maintaining a reasonably steady ratio is critical for maintaining homeostasis in vivo. M1 macrophages can induce inflammation, but M2 macrophages suppress it. The imbalance between the two kinds of macrophages will have a…

Frontiers in Immunology428 citationsDOI

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4): new insight immune and aging

Hyojin Kim, Hyemin Kim, Jeong‐Hyung Lee, Cheol Hwangbo · 2023

TLR4, a transmembrane receptor, plays a central role in the innate immune response. TLR4 not only engages with exogenous ligands at the cellular membrane's surface but also interacts with intracellular ligands, initiating intricate intracellular signaling cascades. Through MyD88, an adaptor protein, TLR4 activates transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, thereby facilitating the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Another adapter protein linked to TLR4, known as TRIF, autonomously propagates signaling pathways, resulting in heightened interferon expression. Recently, TLR4 has garnered att…

Immunity & Ageing424 citationsDOI

Macrophages and microglia in glioblastoma: heterogeneity, plasticity, and therapy

Fatima Khan, Lizhi Pang, Madeline Dunterman, Maciej S. Lesniak and 2 more · 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor in the central nervous system and contains a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs) are a dominant population of immune cells in the GBM TME that contribute to most GBM hallmarks, including immunosuppression. The understanding of TAMs in GBM has been limited by the lack of powerful tools to characterize them. However, recent progress on single-cell technologies offers an opportunity to precisely characterize TAMs at the single-cell level and identify new TAM subpopulations with spe…

Journal of Clinical Investigation415 citationsDOI

Tumor microenvironment remodeling after neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing

Junjie Hu, Lele Zhang, Haoran Xia, Yilv Yan and 16 more · 2023

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but most patients are refractory to immunotherapy or acquire resistance, with the underlying mechanisms remaining to be explored. METHODS: We characterized the transcriptomes of ~92,000 single cells from 3 pre-treatment and 12 post-treatment patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy. The 12 post-treatment samples were categorized into two groups based on pathologic response: major pathologic response (MPR; n = 4) and non-MPR (NMPR; n = 8). RESULTS: Distinct th…

Genome Medicine405 citationsDOI